যে মুখ নিয়ত পালায়......। ।
১। মৃত্যুর এক বছর আগে ১৯৫৪ সালের জানুয়ারী মাসে আইনস্টাইন এই চিঠি লিখেন দার্শনিক এরিক গুটকিন্ড কে তার Choose Life: The Biblical Call to Revolt বইটি পড়ে। ীখানে উল্লেখ্য বইটি আইনস্টাইন পড়েছিলেন তাদের এক মিচ্যুয়াল ফ্রেন্ডের অনেক অনুরোধে।

এই চিঠিতে আইনস্টাইন বেশ ভালোভাবেই বলছেন - "The word God is for me nothing more than the expression and product of human weakness, the Bible a collection of honorable, but still purely primitive, legends which are nevertheless pretty childish." ইংলিশ ট্রান্সলেটঃ Princeton, 3. 1. 1954 Dear Mr Gutkind, Inspired by Brouwer's repeated suggestion, I read a great deal in your book, and thank you very much for lending it to me. What struck me was this: with regard to the factual attitude to life and to the human community we have a great deal in common. Your personal ideal with its striving for freedom from ego-oriented desires, for making life beautiful and noble, with an emphasis on the purely human element. This unites us as having an "unAmerican attitude." Still, without Brouwer's suggestion I would never have gotten myself to engage intensively with your book because it is written in a language inaccessible to me. The word God is for me nothing more than the expression and product of human weakness, the Bible a collection of honorable, but still purely primitive, legends which are nevertheless pretty childish. No interpretation, no matter how subtle, can change this for me. For me the Jewish religion like all other religions is an incarnation of the most childish superstition. And the Jewish people to whom I gladly belong, and whose thinking I have a deep affinity for, have no different quality for me than all other people. As far as my experience goes, they are also no better than other human groups, although they are protected from the worst cancers by a lack of power. Otherwise I cannot see anything "chosen" about them. In general I find it painful that you claim a privileged position and try to defend it by two walls of pride, an external one as a man and an internal one as a Jew. As a man you claim, so to speak, a dispensation from causality otherwise accepted, as a Jew the privilege of monotheism. But a limited causality is no longer a causality at all, as our wonderful Spinoza recognized with all incision, probably as the first one. And the animistic interpretations of the religions of nature are in principle not annulled by monopolization. With such walls we can only attain a certain self-deception, but our moral efforts are not furthered by them. On the contrary. Now that I have quite openly stated our differences in intellectual convictions it is still clear to me that we are quite close to each other in essential things, i.e; in our evaluations of human behavior. What separates us are only intellectual "props" and "rationalization" in Freud's language. Therefore I think that we would understand each other quite well if we talked about concrete things. With friendly thanks and best wishes, Yours, A. Einstein এই চিঠির বাংলা অনুবাদ এখানে দেখা যেতে পারে। ২। আইনস্টাইনকে নিয়ে একটি বই আছে Dear Professor Einstein: Albert Einstein's Letters to and from Children. সেখান থেকে একটা বিখ্যাত চিঠি নিম্নরুপঃ The Riverside Church January 19, 1936 My dear Dr. Einstein, We have brought up the question: Do scientists pray? in our Sunday school class. It began by asking whether we could believe in both science and religion. We are writing to scientists and other important men, to try and have our own question answered. We will feel greatly honored if you will answer our question: Do scientists pray, and what do they pray for? We are in the sixth grade, Miss Ellis's class. Respectfully yours, Phyllis আইনস্টাইনের উত্তরঃ January 24, 1936 Dear Phyllis, I will attempt to reply to your question as simply as I can. Here is my answer: Scientists believe that every occurrence, including the affairs of human beings, is due to the laws of nature. Therefore a scientist cannot be inclined to believe that the course of events can be influenced by prayer, that is, by a supernaturally manifested wish. However, we must concede that our actual knowledge of these forces is imperfect, so that in the end the belief in the existence of a final, ultimate spirit rests on a kind of faith. Such belief remains widespread even with the current achievements in science. But also, everyone who is seriously involved in the pursuit of science becomes convinced that some spirit is manifest in the laws of the universe, one that is vastly superior to that of man. In this way the pursuit of science leads to a religious feeling of a special sort, which is surely quite different from the religiosity of someone more naive. With cordial greetings, your A. Einstein ৩। মহাত্মা গান্ধীকে ১৯৩১ সালে লেখা আইনস্টাইনের এক চিঠিঃ Respected Mr. Gandhi I use the presence of your friend in our home to send you these lines. You have shown through your works, that it is possible to succeed without violence even with those who have not discarded the method of violence. We may hope that your example will spread beyond the borders of your country, and will help to establish an international authority, respected by all, that will take decisions and replace war conflicts. With sincere admiration, Yours (Signed, 'A. Einstein') I hope that I will be able to meet you face to face some day. গান্ধীর উত্তরঃ LONDON, October 18, 1931 DEAR FRIEND, I was delighted to have your beautiful letter sent through Sundaram. It is a great consolation to me that the work I am doing finds favour in your sight. I do indeed wish that we could meet face to face and that too in India at my Ashram. Yours sincerely, (Signed, 'M. K. Gandhi') এছাড়া এই লিংকে শোনা যাবে আইনস্টাইন গান্ধী বিষয়ে বলছেন। বোঝা যায় গান্ধীর অহিংস বানীতে চরম অনুপ্রাণীত হয়েছিলেন এই মহান বিজ্ঞানী।

৪। আইনস্টাইনের জীবনের সবেচেয়ে বড় ভুল বোধহয় এটি। এই চিঠি তিনি লিখেন আমেরিকান প্রেসিডেন্ট ফ্রাংলিন রুজভেল্ট কে। এই সেই চিঠি যেখানে আইনস্টাইন বুঝিয়ে দিচ্ছেন কীভাবে ইউরেনিয়াম ব্যবহার করে নিউক্লিয়ার বোমা বানানো সম্ভব। এই চিঠির পরেই ফ্রাঙ্কলিন রুজভেল্ট ব্রিগস এডভাইজরি কমিটি গঠন করেন।

যা থেকে পরবর্তীতে ম্যানহাটন প্রজেক্ট এবং লিটল বয় এবং ফ্যাট ম্যান। ১৯৪৫ সালে বোমা দুটি জাপানের হিরোসিমা ও নাগাসাকি তে ফেলা হয়। পরে অবশ্য আইনস্টাইন এটিকে তার জীবনের অন্যতম সেরা ভুল বলে অভিহিত করেছিলেন। Albert Einstein Old Grove Rd. Nassau Point Peconic, Long Island August 2nd, 1939 F.D. Roosevelt, President of the United States, White House Washington, D.C. Sir: Some recent work by E.Fermi and L. Szilard, which has been communicated to me in manuscript, leads me to expect that the element uranium may be turned into a new and important source of energy in the immediate future. Certain aspects of the situation which has arisen seem to call for watchfulness and, if necessary, quick action on the part of the Administration. I believe therefore that it is my duty to bring to your attention the following facts and recommendations: In the course of the last four months it has been made probable - through the work of Joliot in France as well as Fermi and Szilard in America - that it may become possible to set up a nuclear chain reaction in a large mass of uranium, by which vast amounts of power and large quantities of new radium-like elements would be generated. Now it appears almost certain that this could be achieved in the immediate future. This new phenomenon would also lead to the construction of bombs, and it is conceivable - though much less certain - that extremely powerful bombs of a new type may thus be constructed. A single bomb of this type, carried by boat and exploded in a port, might very well destroy the whole port together with some of the surrounding territory. However, such bombs might very well prove to be too heavy for transportation by air. The United States has only very poor ores of uranium in moderate quantities. There is some good ore in Canada and the former Czechoslovakia, while the most important source of uranium is Belgian Congo. In view of the situation you may think it desirable to have some permanent contact maintained between the Administration and the group of physicists working on chain reactions in America. One possible way of achieving this might be for you to entrust with this task a person who has your confidence and who could perhaps serve in an inofficial capacity. His task might comprise the following: a) to approach Government Departments, keep them informed of the further development, and put forward recommendations for Government action, giving particular attention to the problem of securing a supply of uranium ore for the United States; b) to speed up the experimental work, which is at present being carried on within the limits of the budgets of University laboratories, by providing funds, if such funds be required, through his contacts with private persons who are willing to make contributions for this cause, and perhaps also by obtaining the co-operation of industrial laboratories which have the necessary equipment. I understand that Germany has actually stopped the sale of uranium from the Czechoslovakian mines which she has taken over. That she should have taken such early action might perhaps be understood on the ground that the son of the German Under-Secretary of State, von Weizsäcker, is attached to the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut in Berlin where some of the American work on uranium is now being repeated. Yours very truly, (Signed) (Albert Einstein) ৫। আইনস্টাইনের ঈশ্বরচিন্তা।

আরেকটি চিঠি। ১৯৫০ সালে লেখা। October 25, 1950 Mr. Morton Berkowitz 365 New York Ave. Brooklyn N.Y. Dear Mr. Berkowitz: I felt very grateful receiving your kind letter of October 24th. Such utterances are the finest reward for an author. My position concerning God is that of an agnostic. I am convinced that vivid consciousness of the primary importance of moral principles for the betterment and enoblement of life does not need the idea of a law-giver, especially a law-giver who works on the basis of reward and punishment I am sending you under separate cover two books of mine containing occasional writings where you will find more about this subject. Sincerely yours, (Signed, 'A. Einstein.') Albert Einstein. ৬। পারমানবিক বোমা এবং লাখো মানুষের মৃত্যুর সাথে জড়িয়ে আছে বিজ্ঞানী আইনস্টাইনের নাম। পরে অবশ্য তিনি বিশ্ব শান্তির জন্য ব্রাটান্ড রাসেল- আইনস্টাইন ম্যানিফেস্টো তে সাইন করেছিলেন।

নোবেলবিজয়ী দার্শনিক, বিজ্ঞানী বার্ট্রান্ড রাসেল এর চিঠিঃ 5 April, 1955. 41, Queen's Road, Richmond, Surrey. Dear Einstein, I have been turning over in my mind, and discussing with various people, the best steps for giving effect to the feeling against war among the great majority of men of science. I think the first step should be a statement by men of the highest eminence, communists and anti-Communists, Western and Eastern, about the disasters to be expected in a war. I enclose a draft of such a statement, and I very much hope that you will be willing to sign it. I enclose also a list of those whom I am asking to sign. If sufficient signatures are obtained, I think the next step should be an international scientific congress which should be invited by the signatories to pass a resolution on the lines of the draft resolution which I enclose. I hope that in this way both Governments and public opinion can be made aware of the seriousness of the situation. On the whole, I have thought that it was better at this stage to approach only men of science and not men in other fields, such as Arnold Toynbee whom you mentioned. Scientists have, and feel that they have, a special responsibility, since their work has unintentionally caused our present dangers. Moreover, widening the field would make it very much more difficult to steer clear of politics. Yours sincerely, (Signed, 'Bertrand Russell') আইনস্টাইনঃ Dear Bertrand Russell, Thank you for your letter of April 5. I am gladly willing to sign your excellent statement. I also agree with your choice of the prospective signers. With kind regards, A. Einstein. এটি আইনস্টাইনের জীবনের শেষ চিঠি। এ মাসেরই ১৮ তারিখে তিনি মারা যান। আইনস্টাইনকে নিয়ে ডকুমেন্টারীঃ চিঠিসুত্রঃ http://www.lettersofnote.com চমৎকার একটি ওয়েবসাইট । এরকম একটা সাইট বাংলা বড় লেখক বিজ্ঞানীদের চিঠি নিয়ে ও করা যেতে পারে। সংযুক্তিঃ একজন পেটেন্ট ক্লার্কের অসাধারণ মানস পরীক্ষণের কাহিণী - অভিজিত রায়।


 
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